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Through the years, laser has evolved dramatically. Although intravitreal injections have become the first line of treatment of macular pathologies such as diabetic macular edema (DME), laser application within clinical settings continues to prove efficacious in macular conditions.

Prior to the development of panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in the 1970s, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) was the most common cause of blindness in diabetic patients. The diabetic retinopathy study demonstrated that PRP could decrease severe visual loss from PDR by 50%.

To compare the efficacy and safety of subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) with threshold conventional laser (TCL) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

The chronic form of central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) is a common form of macular disease and can be characterized by vision loss as well as a decrease in contrast sensitivity and reading speed due to prolonged serous detachment of the neurosensory retina.

Subthreshold micropulse laser treatment has been intensively used for selected retinal diseases in the last decade; however, the exact mechanism of the action of lasers in the subthreshold micropulse mode is not yet fully understood.

To compare the efficacy of 50%threshold power with 25%threshold power of 577-nm subthreshold micropulse laser (SMPL) for acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Prospective, interventional, non-randomized, comparative case series. A total of 54 patients (54 eyes) with acute CSC were enrolled.

To compare the functional and anatomical outcomes of eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy treated with yellow micropulse (MP) laser versus half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a challenging disease with causes that are still not fully understood. Occurring most often in young and middle-aged adults, CSC can present itself as an acute, yet temporary, loss of vision, or can become a chronic recurring disease.

Laser has changed a lot over the years, the newer laser can deliver energy in different ways, by reducing the duration to 10-20 ms, in a train of pulses of 0.1 ms as in the micropulse / subliminal laser, and extremely short duration of 0.0017 ms as in the nanosecond laser. Clinical studies have shown that micro­pulse laser is efficacious in multiple macular conditions.

Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) has remained the standard of care for advanced diabetic retinopathy (DR) since the late 1970s, when the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) and the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) reported their benefit in blindness prevention in the proliferative stages of the disease.